Tuesday, May 19, 2020

Essay on Exploring Social Care Policy and Provision

Exploring Social Care Policy and Provision Defining poverty is not easy and there are several reasons for it and again in different countries levels of poverty differ depending on culture. Dallos, R and McLaughlin, E describes one reason for poverty being ‘the welfare state, and calls for fundamental changes in its operation’. I will be exploring how poverty and the welfare state are linked how it has emerged and what has been done to help eradicate this for those immersed in this lifestyle. One of the ways people can be helped and poverty can be targeted is though through welfare rights Bateman, N (2005). I will look at the role of the welfare rights unit where I had my first practice†¦show more content†¦This was the drive for change and the way forward for the welfare state it actually identified. ‘Five major problems that needed to be tackled in post-war Britain ‘want, disease, ignorance, squalor and idleness’ Pierson, J and Thomas, P (2002). This report made several recomm endations to combat these issues and the benefits system was created, several policies were made to support the recommendations like the Family Allowances Act 1945 the National Insurance Act 1946 and so on. The Beveridge Report though did also have several failings in it, which concentrated on the more vulnerable members of our society like those who are disabled and sick, as it was targeting those who could work and maintained benefits at low levels so to encourage the return to work. Though the National Assistance Act of 1948 did assist to help solve some of these issues as it imposed a duty on local authorities to provide accommodation for those in need for people over 18 who are ill or disabled Beveridge, J (1954). This is still an ongoing trend today that these people are still disadvantaged by the system and by the means tested way it works. The welfare rights process though helps those who are disadvantaged in several ways like assisting as advisor and advocate Marshall c ited in Banks S (2002) recognised that the aim of the welfare state is not to remove inequalities of income, rather thanShow MoreRelatedRunning Head: Accessibility Of Healthcare For Undeserved1540 Words   |  7 PagesUNDESERVED POPULATIONS 1 Accessibility of Healthcare for Undeserved Populations Name: Institution: Introduction Skewed provision of healthcare services to common populations is not a new issue in the world. in the developed world, social stratification of populations goes beyond social borders; deep into service provision in hospitals. Probably unethical, provision of inequitable services to undeserved populations has craved its way deep into the healthcare industry. According to Gresenz,Read MoreRationale Behind Marketisation Of Care1268 Words   |  6 Pages2. Rationale behind Marketisation of Care 2.1 Definition of marketisation of care Marketisation is a worldwide trend across the field of social welfare, such as education (Ntshoe, 2004; Lowrie and Hemsley-Brown, 2011), health care (Collyer and White, 2011), voluntary/charity organisations (Cunningham, et al., 2013; Mckay, et al., 2015), and elder care and childcare (Brennan, et al., 2012). As Drakeford (2007) proposed, the marketisation of welfare has various forms, including ownership transformingRead MoreThe Importance Of Working With Children And Young People And Their Families1722 Words   |  7 Pagestwo organisations and the role the play and how the current policy and the law in the sector affect them each. First Organisation: NSPCC means the (National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children) that each and every individual has a responsibility to keep childhood free from being abused. It is the UK a charitable organisation being regulated by a charity organisation. Working under child protection in England Legislation, policy and guidance. For example, child Act 1989, children Act 2004Read MoreSpanish National Health System Case Study878 Words   |  4 Pagesmodels: universal access, free at the point of delivery and tax-financed health system. However, the belated SNS came 40 years after the creation of the English National Health System (NHS) -one of the most important between Beveridge’s models- and in a social and political context outlined by 1970s recession and the consequent rise of neoliberal theories. Indeed, following the international oil crisis, the eighties witnessed the growth of the New Public Management (NPM) approaches about running publicRead MoreProf essional Identity As A Nurse Identity1533 Words   |  7 Pages Title: Using examples relevant to your discipline, define professional identity as it relates to health and human service delivery and discuss how industry, professional and quality agencies guide the provision of the safe and effective patient or client care in your discipline. Professional identity has become a necessary concept to employees who are working in a health and human-serviced environment because it comprehends the image and perceptions of individuals that has based on the way she/Read MoreDevelopment Of Exceptional And Special Needs Children Essay1672 Words   |  7 Pagesjust came about in an ad hoc manner due to the demand for day care services; recognising how important early childhood development is, governments and other officials are being faced with the task of ensuring that quality early childhood education is provided. This essay seeks to discuss teachers’ expectations, sensitivities, priorities and values that contribute to the quality of all pupils learning and explore the extent to which policies in St. Vincent and the Grenadines supports the developmentRead MoreHospice Services: A Valuable Resource within a Community1505 Words   |  6 Pageswithin a Community The concept of hospice care in the United States has continued to evolve over the past three decades. Initially met with great skepticism and mistrust by the general population and the medical community, hospice services and care are now considered a valuable resource and venue of care for those suffering from a terminal illness and for their families. The choice of hospice services and the approach of palliation of symptoms, comfort care, and the end of life can be difficult forRead MoreSocial Work Authority And Accountability852 Words   |  4 PagesSocial Work Authority and Accountability Every social worker is accountable for their actions. A report published by LGA on behalf of the social work reform partners set out clear guidelines that apply to all employers of social workers. It states that employers should establish clear guidelines of accountability within the organisation for social workers delivery. Community Care Inform (2014). The social worker assigned to Damon case has the authority intervene to put this intervention into placeRead MoreThe Development Of Social Citizenship859 Words   |  4 PagesThe development of social citizenship in Britain. The chapter begins by exploring Aflred Marshall s idea that a right to a state funded education was essential to developing citizenship in the late 19th to mid 20th century. The chapter then takes an in depth look at how the changes to the welfare provided in the first two decades of the twentieth century paying close attention to Fiona Williams argument that social divisions such as class, race and gender shaped the way policies were made. FinallyRead MoreThe Attributes of a Registered Nurse807 Words   |  3 Pagesthey important? According to Mason, Isaacs and Colby (2011, p. 11), provision of care in the field of nursing requires comprehensive nursing expertise, critical thinking, sound clinical judgement and a holistic overview of health. Registered nurses need to possess a combination of key attributes when providing care, because these attributes play a significant role in enhancing positive outcomes, not only for the patients in their care but also the practitioner and the organisation. Nurses require sound

The Power Of The Elf King - 2465 Words

The Power of the Elf King Franz Schubert (1797-1828) was not a particularly well-known composer during his lifetime, however, that did not stop him from leaving his mark on the musical world. He radically redefined the role of composers in German lieder. Unlike his predecessors, Schubert believed that part of a composer’s job was to help the listener interpret the poem. He believed that part of his responsibility was to write the melody and the accompaniment in a way that helped to clarify the meaning of the poem and bring it to life for the listener. That being said, Schubert did not completely discard the work of others before him. Instead, he built on the foundation that they had laid, reflecting the work of previous composers in his music without limiting himself to simple imitation of their ideas. He expanded on their ideas and used them as a platform to express himself in new and distinct ways that were unfamiliar to the music world. His innovations inspired those who came after him not only in German lied but also in other song genres. One particular example of his ability can be seen in both the vocal lines as well as the accompaniment in his song cycle, Die Schà ¶ne Mà ¼llerin. Franz Schubert was born to Franz Theodor Schubert and Elisabeth Vietz in Vienna, Austria. His father was a schoolmaster who acquired an old school house called â€Å"Zum schwarzen Rà ¶ssel,† which doubled as a house for the family. At the age of six, Franz Schubert began attending hisShow MoreRelatedCriticisms and Praise for The Hobbit: The Desolation of Smaug654 Words   |  3 PagesMirkwood elves is a familiar face from the Lord of The Rings trilogy, Legolas and a new face Tauriel a female elf who is captain of the guard. Bilbo, however, is not captured because he is wearing a ring of power which allows him to be invisible. The dwarves are imprisoned by the elven king Thranduil. Bilbo soon frees the dwarves from their cells; however, not before the d warf Kili and the elf Tauriel begin to develop feelings for each other. The company escapes by hiding in barrels and floating downRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem Schubert s Elfking 1659 Words   |  7 Pagesof the story: the father who reacts to the protests and tensions of his child, both verbally communicated and implicit and the child, who is responding in dread and misery to the inconveniences of that mysterious fourth character, the mythical being king. It is the vocalist s obligation in their execution, to translate and pass on those viewpoints in the way they feel appropriate. A system, or transporter maybe, carefully give use to the vocalist in shipping the weight of elucidation, however additionalRead MoreThe Lord Of The Ring841 Words   |  4 Pagesdie in Moria and then he turns into a white wizard and gets stronger. Legolas - an elf who helps Frodo on his journey Gimli - a dwarf who helps Frodo on his journey Aragorn - the heir to Gondor s throne who helps Frodo on his Boromir - The stewards son who helps Frodo on his journey Journey who is killed Bilbo - Frodo’s uncle Elrond - an elf who helps Frodo Galadriel - The queen of Lothlorien Chelaborn - The king of Lothlorien Arwen - Aragorn s girl friend Hardir - The leader of the Galadhrim Read MoreThe Lord of the Rings by H.R. Tolkien: The Fellowship of the Ring808 Words   |  3 Pagesuse the ring. Gandalf leaves and is not seen for a while. While Gandalf is away, evil entities start to stir, but the hobbits pay no attention to them. When Gandalf does finally return he tells Frodo that the ring is actually one of the Rings of Power. To confirm his belief even more, Gandalf throws the ring into the fire. While in the fiery flames, symbols appear on the ring. They are in a different language and Frodo is not able to read them. Gandalf however, gets very nervous when he sees theRead MoreThe Evolution of Music and Musical Instruments from the Baroque Era to the Romantic Era588 Words   |  2 PagesGoethe in his poem, â€Å"Erlkonig.† It is about a father who is trying to take his sick son home on a cold windy night while riding a horse. His son in his sickness starts to â€Å"hallucinate† I would say and sees an evil spirit referred to as the â€Å"Elf-King.† This Elf-King is trying to take away the child, but the father is comforting his son, as this is happ ening the father is rushing to reach his house to take his sick son so he can rest. Wind and darkness surrounds them and the boy soon does the father knowsRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The R. Tolkien 1912 Words   |  8 Pagesthis it can be difficult to fully grasp the impact his characters would have until the story is completely told. Therefore, some of the information comes from chapters not discussed in class. Galadriel, is one of the Noldor, one of the elder races of elf, and was known as the most beautiful of the house of FinwÃ'‘ (Silmarillion 69). Yet to count her as weak would be a mistake, in fact, her strength was shown multiple times throughout Tolkien’s books, however the best scene to encapsulate her true miteRead MoreBuddy Visits The Renaissance : One Day, Buddy The Elf Walked Into Santa s Workshop, Bored And1464 Words   |  6 PagesBuddy Visits the Renaissance One day, Buddy the elf walked into Santa’s workshop, bored and looking for an adventure. â€Å"Hey Buddy! Do you want to take a trip back in time to the Renaissance?† said Santa. Buddy excitedly asked, â€Å"What’s the Renaissance?† â€Å"Well, starting in the fourteenth century, there was a great change that began in Florence, Italy. I’ll send you there and you can explore it yourself!† *picture of buddy waking up in Florence, Italy* Surprised by all the markets, people, and tradingRead MoreHeroic Characters in The Lord of the Rings Saga Essay1874 Words   |  8 Pagessaga perfectly fit this description like Aragorn and Boromir, most heroic characters in this novel are quite unlikely. Frodo and his friends are unusual creatures called Halfling, more popularly called Hobbits. Before Frodo set out on his journey, an Elf lord named Elrond formed a group of elites to follow, protect and serve Frodo on his journey to Mount Doom. This group is undoubtedly a queer group of people. And, throughout the novel we encounter many odd characters who—in the long run—were greatRead More Importance of Clothing in King Lear Essays621 Words   |  3 Pages Importance of Clothing in King Lear nbsp; nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; Nakedness and dress in Shakespeares King Lear, represented the status of a character. Many scenes use clothing to show one characters dominance over another.nbsp; The more opulent the clothing, the higher the status, or the lack of clothing, the lower the status.nbsp;nbsp; A few characters go through many wardrobes. Lear and Edgar, both start the beginning of the play wearing expensive, luxurious clothing, but eachRead More Oliver Twist - Name Etymology Essays748 Words   |  3 PagesFagin. Befriended by a man robbed by the gang, Oliver ultimately learns his true identity and gains a new home, a fortune and a brand new family! Name Analogies: Oliver: Norman French form of a Germanic name, possibly the name Alfihar meaning quot;elf armyquot;. The spelling was altered by association with Latin oliva quot;olive treequot;. The olive tree also symbolises longevity and hope, and the olive tree is renowned eternal. It is also a symbol of peace and reconciliation, the branch of the

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Personal Statement For Becoming A Nurse - 981 Words

My first career interest is to be a Nurse started at a very young age when I wanted to take care of my parents when they were ill. I would always tell my parents I will take good care of them as they get older. Let alone, I enjoyed helping and taking care of people. In my spare time I would volunteer at local nursing home to visit the elderly patients and interact with them. Visiting the patients in a nursing brings lots of joy and happiness to me. With that being said, life has taken me in a different career direction, however, I am finally able to pursuing my dream and goal of becoming nurse. As I continue to pursue my journey there are several areas of the health care occupation that will enlighten my knowledge about my career of choice, such as, the job description, education and certification, employment and professional activities. First of all, a nurse practitioner is considered as an advanced practice registered nurse (APRN), with an advance education and clinical experienc e. The nurse practitioner provides health care services to people of all ages. For example, he or she can administer a complete physical examination, diagnose and treat all patients. Also, they can order and interpret tests, such as blood work, X-rays and prescribe medications. Not to mention, APRNs can work in different setting like in physician offices, schools, hospitals, nursing facilities and many more. Indeed, the work schedule can varies from nights, weekends and holidays. Secondly,Show MoreRelatedPersonal Statement : Becoming A Nurse907 Words   |  4 PagesThere are plenty of experiences in my life so far that has solidified my drive to become a nurse. Volunteer experiences abroad, experiences with other nurses, and my current professors stories of what it was like to be a part of the rewarding field, all reinforce my choosing of the nursing profession. The most foundational experience that steered me to the nursing profession happened when I was 13 years old. My parents decided that I should learn more about my Nigerian roots and they sent me to aRead MorePersonal Statement : Becoming A Nurse1065 Words   |  5 Pagesthe nurses were, and how much they had done for him to make his stay in hospitals actually be somewhat pleasant. They got anything he needed and did their best to make the family comfortable as well. I knew I wanted to help people in my future career, and my experience helping my grandfather furthered my passion for wanting to become a nurse. I thought taking a CNA class my senior year would give me a head start in the nursing career, but instead, it made me have doubts about becoming a nurse. IRead MorePersonal Statement : Becoming A Nurse1150 Words   |  5 Pages I cannot attribute my desire of becoming a nurse to following the footsteps of a family member, nor caring for a sick family member as I was growing up. I am a first generation high school student, furthermore, a college graduate. I became a mother at the very young age of sixteen. Being so young and growing up without the care of my parents, it was always said I, too, would end up in a rough situation and not be able to care for my child being so young myself. I continued out my days and nightsRead MorePersonal Statement : Becoming A Registered Nurse938 Words   |  4 Pagesto become a registered nurse. On this journey I know it’s going take commitment, hard work, and maybe some tears. When I tell people what I’m going to school for that ask me â€Å" Is that really what u want to do†, my answer â€Å"Yes†. Every since I was in high school I have dreamt of becoming a nurse. I h ave conducted an interview with Kim McPherson (RN) to get a better understanding what a nursing career has in stored for me. Mrs. Kim McPherson is an full time instructor for nurse adie at SoutheasternRead MoreBecoming A Professional Nurse Assignment Essay1308 Words   |  6 PagesPromotion with Individuals I NURS 1112-003 Becoming a Professional Nurse Assignment: Personal Experience of Nursing Adam Valeroso Student Mount Royal University Submitted to Heather Bensler Instructor Mount Royal University Nursing is a practice in which nurses promote health and the well-being of patients. I believe that nursing is not only a job that prevents and cures illness, but has a deeper meaning and understanding. Becoming a nurse gives the opportunity to maximize and promoteRead MoreMy Plans And Aspirations For Completing A Graduate Education923 Words   |  4 PagesIn this personal statement I will address my plans and aspirations for completing a graduate education. I believe that an adequate college education is a necessity in today’s society. There are numerous resources and opportunities available to those who choose to seek a college education. I am committed to continuing my education to achieve my career goal of becoming a family nurse practitioner. Several members of my family are in the healthcare field, as both doctors and nurses. I have had the privilegeRead MoreDefinition of Nursing1191 Words   |  5 PagesNurses have been described as â€Å"lacking professional commit ment and motivation, low in risk taking and change-making, having a ‘blue-collar mentality,’ being cautious and conservative, and suffering from lack of cohesiveness and collegiality† (Cohen, 1981; Eisenstein, 1982; Hughs, 1982; Hull, 1982; Kalisch Kalisch, 1977; Kerr, 1982; Lowery-Palmer, 1982; Muff, 1982; Weiss Remen, 1983 as cited in Chandler, 1986, p.1). With this definition of what a nurse has been professed as, there is a fundamentalRead MoreThe Death Of A Child1172 Words   |  5 Pagesunfair. Pediatric nurses care for children in high-mortality environments, such as the pediatric intensive care and oncology units and, as a result, are directly affected by childhood death (Papadatou, 2000). Caring for a dying child and their family is an emotionally charged situation (American Academy of Pediatrics, 2000; Catlin and Carter, 2001; Stutts and Schloemann, 2002). Nurses spend much time caring for their patients but forget to look after themselves. Caring fo r the nurse is an often-forgottenRead MoreLegal an Ethical Issues in Nursing Essay872 Words   |  4 PagesDate: Mar 21, 2011 Instructor Name: Dolores Martinez Nurses are facing many legal or ethical dilemmas in their career. Nurses should combine knowledge of ethical and legal aspects of health care and professional values into nursing practice. It is very essential to know what kind of dilemmas nurses may face during their profession and how they have been dealt with in the past. First, it is very essential for the nurses to know the difference between law and ethics. Ethics observesRead MoreEthical And Legal Aspects Of Nurses1548 Words   |  7 PagesEthical and Legal Aspects Nurses who suffer from burnout, tend to increase individual and organizational susceptibility to legal and ethical issues within the medical profession. Nurses who become burnt out or chronically overwhelmed, and disenchanted with their job, tend to suffer from emotional, mental, and physical exhaustion (Brennan, 2017). These stresses can affect the choices nurses make in negative ways. Poor choices may include a breach in ethics that will potentially impact patients, coworkers

The Role of Assesment in Higher Education - 3536 Words

Table of Content No Title Page No 1 Introduction 2 Role of assessment in curriculum design , learning teaching 3 Assessment for learning v Assessment of Learning 4. Issues and concerns Abstract Assessment is an integral part of curriculum practice. The prime consideration of educational institutions are the outcomes of learning, the enhanced abilities students can demonstrate because of their increase in knowledge , able to adapt and understand to changes because of their university experiences. Our concern is how learning takes effect and how teaching and assessment affect the quality of learning in order for students to acquire the knowledge and competencies that is required for the work place. To acquire these†¦show more content†¦Angelo, AAHE Bulletin, November 1995, p.7)† In order to measure a student’s learning outcome, progression and competence attained, various types of information need to be gathered to determine the degree of student’s attainment in the learning outcomes for the curriculum. Various methods of formal and informal observation of students during their learning, examinations and quizzes, performance on assignments, projects and presentations are used to gather this information. Lecturers advise that there should be a plan for assessment at programme, course and lesson level, which is often overlooked. As Pratt (1998) stated, to make sure student achievements and grades reflect the learning outcomes established, assessments must be carefully planned, conducted, subject to continuous analysis, evaluation and enhancement. Learning outcomes (knowledge and competence of students), assessment, and teaching are all parts of an integrated whole. Assessment is believed to be essential to the teaching process in delivery and experience of the curriculum. But some students think of assessment as a form of control for lecturers. â€Å"As (Pratt, 1998; Haladyna Downing, 2004) stated when students progress from one semester to another they become displeasedShow MoreRelatedThe Domestic Violence Act 1995 Essay1499 Words   |  6 Pageshealth care nurse has a crucial role in identifying and responding to intimate partner violence due to the freqent nature of the point of contact with woman (Scribano, Stevens, Kaizar, 2013). At the frontline of the nurse’s role, is screening for domestic violence. The screening programme that was adopted in 2008 (Higgins, Manhire, Marshell, 2015). Screening for domestic violence includes physical, mental and behavioural assesments. Along with these assesments, the screening process permits aRead MoreWell Being of Children and Young People7337 Words   |  30 PagesHELEN TANDY: REF No: DG 66205 UNIT 3 /CODE CYP CORE 3.3 UNDERSTAND HOW TO SAFEGUARD THE WELLBEING OF CHILDREN amp; YOUNG PEOPLE TASK 1 TO LEARNING OUTCOME 1 ASSESMENT CRITERIA 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5 1.1 The first children’s act was brought out in 1989 to make it easier for the laws which protected children and young adults. It was mad clear that all children had rights and all the children services should work together in the event of any allegations of child abuse. England amp; Wales producedRead MoreThe Effects Of Technology On Developing Child1433 Words   |  6 Pagesdigital devices, spending less time with family and friends, â€Å"Children and youth get an average of 7 hours and 48 minutes of screen time per day.† (Active Healthy Kids Canada, n.d.) The amount of time spent on their electronic devices plays a critical role in their growth and development. The overuse of these devices can cause issues in the child’s cognition, health and social relationships. The excessive dependency on technology in society affects the development of children negatively, thus leadingRead MoreThe Genetics And Environment On The Intelligenece Through Twin Studies2979 Words à ‚  |  12 Pages Navdeep Kalia General Psychology (064) 03/01/2015 Assesment of The Genetics and Environment on the Intelligenece Through Twin Studies The primary source scientific experiment to be analyzed for this paper is the â€Å"A Twin Study into the Genetic and Environmental Influences on Academic Performance in Science in nine-year-old Boys and Girls† (Haworth, Claire M.A., Philip Dale, and Robert Plomin. â€Å"A Twin Study into the Genetic and Environmental Influences on Academic Performance in Science in Nine-Year-OldRead MoreBusiness Reengineering Process vs. Continuous Process Improvement1783 Words   |  8 PagesAnother important factor to be considered is to understand the customer expectation where the existing process fails to meet those requirements. In other word, the company should identify the process that are strategic and have value to customer. ASSESMENT In this stage, company identify the main problem an obtain detail understanding of the process. It involves an understanding of the process structure in term of cost, timing and how it flow within organizations. All process need to be studied andRead MoreThe Decline Of The Early Twentieth Century2289 Words   |  10 Pagessystem is unfairly stacked against African Americans single mothers because of the color of their skin. This paper will examine the historic roots of women on welfare in the pretext of race. Addressing how it sways legislation and plays a significant role on how people perceive single mothers that are supported by welfare. Focusing primarily on the impact it has had on African American single mothers post the enactment of PRWORA. Literature Review The following works have been used in helping to assessRead MoreProcrastination Research2781 Words   |  12 Pagesus that procrastination is undoubtedly a problem in an educational setting in the modern societies among students. Academic Achievement According to Azar (2013) Academic performance is one of the top priorities for schools. It is the outcome of education, and it refers to the extent to which a student, a teacher, or an institution has achieved their educational goals. There are two traditional indicators of academic achievement, namely, grades and highest level of educational attainment. These twoRead More Performance Assesments Essay2798 Words   |  12 PagesPerformance Assesments Due to the implementation of this new law, states are required to annually test all students in public schools. Anthony Rebora (2004) states that â€Å"by the 2005-2006 school years, states must begin testing students in grades 3-8 in the areas of reading, math, and writing† (p. 1). In the 2007-2008 school years, science will be added in to the testing material. The tests must meet the requirements of the states academic standards. They are supposed to bring all studentsRead MoreTDA 3.7 Assessment for Learning2399 Words   |  11 Pages  Support   assessment   for   learning    Assessment task – TDA 3.7 Support assessment for learning Task links to learning outcome 1, assessment criteria 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4 and 1.5. 1.1 compare the roles of the teacher and the learning support practitioner in assessment of learners’ achievement. The roles of Teachers and Learning Support Practitioners (LSP’s) are similar in that they are both continuingly monitoring the progress and achievements of the learner. Teachers need to be aware of every child’sRead MoreCase Study Of The Classroom3005 Words   |  13 Pagesfound that the relative risk of SLD in reading or mathematics is substantially higher (e.g., 4-8 times and 5-10 times higher, respectively) in first-degree relatives of people with these learning difficulties compared with those without them. Family history of reading difficulties (dyslexia) and parental literacy skills predict literacy problems or specific learning disorder in offspring, indicating the combined role of genetic and environmental factors (Raskind et al., 2005). In alphabetic and nonalphabetic

Crime Scene Investigation for Technology-myassignmenthelp.com

Question: How the investigation of major crimes has changed in the UK in the last 50 years? Answer: Introduction Crime scene investigation, as the name suggests, refers to the scene of crime being investigated in order to gain the requisite evidence and to help in understanding what exactly happened and the reasons for such happening. Even though there are a lot of shows on television which show crime scenes being investigated, the working is not as is shown in the televisions. In reality, the investigation of crime scene is the point where science, law and logic meet (Layton, 2018). The processing of crime scene is not a simple process and covers focused documents on conditions present at the scene, and the collection of physical evidence which could highlight what had happened and who did that (Pepper, 2010). Over the course of last fifty years alone, the manners in which the major crimes are investigated in UK have changed drastically. This discussion is focused on shedding light on some of the ways in which these changes took place. Changes with the changed time In order to really highlight the manner in which the criminal investigation has changed in the last fifty years, there is a need to go back in the history, to compare the changes made. The very first use of forensic science can be traced back to 275 BC to the time of Archimedes, where a method of determining the objects volume was presented. In 1302, the very first autopsy was conducted in a legal manner in Bologna. Microscope was only used in criminal investigation after it was invented in 1590. This was a major breakthrough as it allowed for the tiny wounds to be investigated. This is also the time when the human remains were identified through the use of teeth at the very first instance. Despite the power of microscope, the deaths of an individual remained undetectable. By the year of 1832, chemistry was being used in cases, where the evidence in matters of arsenic poising was identified by sampling the lining of the stomach of victim. Before this, the perfect poison for killing a person was arsenic. Though, within the designing of test for arsenic by James Marsh, this weapon lost its appeal. Another major breakthrough came with bullet matching which was possible in 1835. Come 1888, mug shots and crime scene photography were enabled, which still continue to be used in criminal investigations. With the introduction of fingerprint analysis in 1892, blood type determination in 1901, and initiation of crime labs in 1901, the investigation of crimes improved manifolds (BBC, 2018). One cannot deny that the modern advances in technology have resulted in a number of crimes being solved, which would have been discarded some few decades ago as cold cases, due to the lack of technological advances which are presently available. The earlier days of forensic science look like very frustrating ones for the law enforcement officials, owing to the lack of options which they had, save for a trusty magnifying glass and their own skills of inquiry. In the last fifty years or so, modern marvels have filled the crime scene investigations. The use of image enhancement technologies and DNA analysis has eased up the investigation process. Though, there is a need to state there that the advancement of technology is also used advantageously by the modern day criminals. The crime scene investigators, particularly the forensic ones, are not confined to solving murders or the other violent crimes, but have to focus on crimes like chemical attacks, cyber crimes, and the modern days vi olent crimes (Summers et al 2014). The last fifty years have been crucial in the crime scene investigation field particularly because it brought with it the concept of DNA analysis. In 1984, the DNA analysis was discovered which allowed for the unique biological code of an individual being identified and this revolutionised the forensic science. DNA replaced blood as being the most powerful method for identification purposes. The first time DNA profiling was undertaken in the Pitchfork case, where Dawn Ashworth and Linda Mann were raped and murdered back in July 1986 and in November 1983 respectively (Cobain, 2016). DNA allowed for detecting the traces which the criminal left behind and which became invisible to the naked eye. Earlier, even for the DNA analysis, the courts had to wait for weeks before they got the result. However, this time period has since being brought down to hours (Butler, 2005). This technology has further been improved through the databases which have been created, like the Home Office managed N ational DNA Database, which allows for DNA which is found at the scene of crime to be compared to the profiles from the sources which are present in the database (Johnson and Williams, 2004). It is not wrong to stay that the forensic scientists are basically detectives in white courts. The significance of DNA analysis can be emphasised from the notion that it is now deemed as the gold standard of identification (Lynch, 2003). Come 2000, the crime scene investigation process and the manner in which crime was solved in UK was further enhanced with the technology of computer reconstructions. The computer graphics were now being used for creating a compelling visual evidence for clarifying the events of crimes for the jurors. Through the 3D reconstruction of traffic collision, bullet trajectories and crime scenes, the solving of crimes was eased up (Buck et al 2013). Though, such animated reconstructions do have the potential of misleading owing to the persuasiveness which these reconstructions bring. This is the reason why the law enforcements still make use of the older methods in terms of sketching the face of the potential miscreant. Again, the matter is eased up with technology of magnetic fingerprinting as against the traditional method of ink and paper (Michelson, 2015). There is a need to note here that the entire progress in the investigation of crimes in the present day is not based on technology only. The biggest example of this is the use of dog squads, where specific breeds of dogs are bred and are used as a device of sniffing out different chemicals which the decaying bodies release. This is of particular reference in cases of missing persons, or where a chemical in terms of warfare agent has to be established. There is also the new manner of analysing the blood splatter and the plotting of droplets falling from wall or ceiling to recreate the crime scene and to decide on the positioning of different individuals. There are also forensic techniques which can detect the source of impurity in any chemical, which could assist in finding criminals during any terrorist attack (Kealin, 2015). Something which would not have been thought about a century back, but is a part of the criminal investigations at present is the National Footwear Reference Collection. It is a searchable library for the different kinds and patters of footwear and sole. This allows for the marks of footwear to be collected from the individuals who are in custody, and in comparing them with the marks at the crime scene (Bluestar Software, 2018). The reason why the physical evidence is given so much significance stems from the fact that it can help in establishing the elements of crime, along with establishing the identities of the ones who had been associated in a crime. It allows for the suspect to be placed in contact with the crime scene and can also help in the innocent person in being exonerated. The physical evidence can help in getting the suspects to make a confession, and also helps in corroborating the testimony of victim (Pepper, 2010). In the last fifty years, the investigations of crimes have become more sophisticated. There are clear procedures which now have to be followed when any crime scene has to be investigated. From cordoning off the scene to ensuring that the evidence is not tampered with, a lot goes on in the investigation process. To avoid any loss of evidence, vital logs are maintained and chain of custody is established. Photographs, samples, videos and other necessary processes are undertaken which not only allow for the present investigation of crime, but also assist in cases of future possible re-investigations, or in the investigations in the cold cases. Where the gravity of situation surrounding the crime is tense, enhanced measures are adopted in investigating the crime. In this regard, the access is restricted, scenes are protected, and the forensic potential is maximised (Fisher and Fisher, 2012). Another crucial thing which is ensured under the present day investigation is to ensure that there is no cross contamination of the crime scene, particularly where there are multiple crime scene locations. It is not just the use of forensic science, but the modern day criminal investigation encompasses biology, ballistics, entomology, botany, drugs, handwriting, fire investigation, and so much more. Again, the investigation of crime is not confined to crime scene; there are a number of other stages involved in it. Different strategies are adopted in order to undertake the investigation. This includes the formation of search strategy, victim and witness strategy, intelligence strategy, passive data strategy, the TIE strategy, media strategy, covert strategy, and suspect strategy (Fraser, 2010). Even with so much sophistication being brought just in the last fifty years, in the investigation into crimes, there are still cases where the result in unsolved. This is particularly due to the fact that not only the investigation of crimes has seen progress, but also has the crimes itself. There still continue to be crimes, which leave the law enforcements clueless. Even the simplest cases on paper still remained unsolved. An example of this is the murder of Barry Rubery in 2010 where he was beaten to death in his Bristol home. His murders have till date not been found (Herbert, 2018). Conclusion On the basis of discussion which the previous sections covered, it can be concluded that a number of changes have been brought in the criminal investigation process of UK. There have been certain changes in the history, which still continue to be used for investigating into the criminal activities. However, with the passage of time and particularly with the advancement of technology, these methods have also been advanced. The leading example of this is fingerprint analysis, which has moved from the traditional manner of ink and paper, to the more sophisticated digital form, where they are collected and analysed through the use of technology. The most important contribution in modern day criminal investigation is the use of DNA analysis, which has revolutionized criminal investigations. And yet with all this advancement, there continues to be crimes which remain unsolved, even when they are not so sophisticated. References BBC. (2018) Leaving a trace: Forensic science through history. [online] Available from: https://www.bbc.co.uk/timelines/zcq2xnb#z3rnyrd [Accessed 10/03/18] Bluestar Software. (2018) UK National Solutions. [online] Available from: https://www.bluestar-software.co.uk/products/uk-national-solutions/ [Accessed 10/03/18] Buck, U., Naether, S., Rss, B., Jackowski, C., and Thali, M. J. (2013) Accident or homicidevirtual crime scene reconstruction using 3D methods.Forensic science international,225(1-3), pp. 75-84. Butler, J. M. (2005)Forensic DNA typing: biology, technology, and genetics of STR markers. Cambridge: Academic Press. Cobain, I. (2016) Killer breakthrough the day DNA evidence first nailed a murderer. [online] Available from: https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2016/jun/07/killer-dna-evidence-genetic-profiling-criminal-investigation [Accessed 10/03/18] Fisher, B. A., and Fisher, D. R. (2012)Techniques of crime scene investigation. London: CRC Press. Fraser, J. (2010)Forensic science: A very short introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Herbert, T. (2018) Here are the UKs most notorious unsolved murders. [online] Available from: https://metro.co.uk/2018/01/01/here-are-the-uks-most-notorious-unsolved-murders-7169373/ [Accessed 10/03/18] Johnson, P., and Williams, R. (2004) DNA and Crime Investigation: Scotland and the UK National DNA Database. Scott J Crim Justice Stud., 10, pp. 71-84. Kealin, B. (2015) How Technology Has Shaped Forensic Science. [online] Available from: https://www.forensicsciencedegree.org/how-technology-has-shaped-forensic-science/ [Accessed 10/03/18] Layton, J. (2018) How Crime Scene Investigation Works. [online] Available from: https://www.forensicsciencedegree.org/how-technology-has-shaped-forensic-science/ [Accessed 10/03/18] Lynch, M. (2003) God's signature: DNA profiling, the new gold standard in forensic science.Endeavour,27(2), pp. 93-97. Michelson, R.S. (2015) Crime Scene Investigation: An Introduction to CSI. San Clemente, CA: LawTech Publishing Group. Pepper, I. (2010)Crime Scene Investigation: Methods And Procedures: Methods and Procedures. London: McGraw-Hill Education (UK). Summers, S. J., Schwarzenegger, C., Ege, G., and Young, F. (2014)The emergence of EU criminal law: cyber crime and the regulation of the information society. London: Bloomsbury Publishing.

Importance And Limitations Of Controlling -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Importance And Limitations Of Controlling? Answer: Introducation Management is the process of running a business on behalf of the business owner. The main task of the management team is to utilize the resources effectively and to make decisions that will lead the business to achieve its goals and objectives. In my first year, working as a part-timer at McDonald restaurant, I was given a task of running a social media campaign that will promote the organization business. Having minimum knowledge of digital marketing, I had to apply the four function of management i.e planning, organizing, controlling and directing attain the goals set. Planning The planning process is the organization course of action. Upon finishing of the planning phase the resource of the organization is likely to be used effectively. Planning for the social media marketing campaign involved the process of writing down the goals, the target market, the hours spent in the social media, the resources required and the measures to be taken. The aim of the target I had set was to enable the organization to attain its objective of increasing its market share through reaching more target audience. As the head of the digital marketing campaign, I had to plan for resources that were required. The importance of the business planning is that it helps the organization get a clear understanding of the business and market in which it operates in. Organizing After the planning phase, the second function is the organizing function. It is not possible for a single person to handle all the tasks by himself, there must be task delegation. The process of organizing includes directing and coordination of various activities to ensure that all the team members are fully aware of the task that is awaiting them and the objectives set to be attained (Open.lib.umn.edu, 2016). All the team's members were aware of their responsibilities in the digital marketing campaign Directing Directing function is the third management function.This function helps the management of the control and supervision of the staff action. It, however, provides guidance to the workers in the right direction. Throughout this process, the organization will achieve its goals alongside accomplishing the employee personal goals. At this stage, I motivated my group while ensuring there was effective communication. Controlling Controlling helps in the coordination process and planning process. Controlling is utilized by managers at all level .The controlling function is characterized by a forward-looking feature. Controlling place its focus on the expectations of the projects so that in case of any requisite the follow up can be made. The controlling function is dependent on the planning function, if the planning was not made at the initial phase then the controlling phase will be no meaning (Open.lib.umn.edu, 2016). Limitation It is very costly process to monitor the performance the employees, one has to put in a lot of attention .Organization do spend a lot of money in the installation of the control systems .The external factors cannot be controlled by the organization. Lastly, the employee might resist the control and this can lead to the reduction in the controlling (Open.lib.umn.edu, 2016). It is evident that management cannot be an easy task to define but the function of management aid in the demonstration of the good work that should be done by managers. Management theories Management theory comprises of various theories. It is the responsibility of the organization manager to the management theory that they apply they do it well (Rao, 2012). When the organization management relies on the opinions from the outside environment on the happening of the internal environment of the organization, this can be of great significance to the company and the management (Gartenstein, 2011).. This paper researches on the management theory that is applied to the McDonald organizationUnderstanding of the management theory is beneficial as it aids the manger in knowing which theory is best applicable in the workplace under what circumstance. The theories of management implemented by the organization of McDonald shows the various aspect of the classical management. The organization shows how their style of management has led the organization to achieve its goals and being at the edge of the competition (Shethna, 2015). Scientific management theory The most important development in the management took place in the 20th century. Fredric Taylor was the earliest theorist. Taylor had a team that studied the work process scientifically (Mindtools.com, 2010). They were keen on studying how work was done and how the performance of work affected the productivity of the worker. Taylor believed that overworking people was not an efficient way of improving the way work was done. In the book published by Taylor principle of scientific management, it was clearly indicated that job simplification and optimization could increase the productivity of work (Markgraf, 2016). The theory state that it is of significance for managers and workers to corporate together in order to do business. This was on the contrary of how the accounting at the workplace was running their activities, there was a limited contact between the management and the workers, as the managers and left the workers to produce on their own without guidance and motivation. The ma in motivation that workers found was in continuous employment, therefore there was incentive to perform the task efficiently or quickly as possible. Taylor had a strong belief that all workers were motivated by money. Taylor introduces the idea of a fair payday for a fair days work, this simply meant that an employee who did not work hard be-productive did not receive much as the employee who had been very productive. Taylor was mainly interested in the efficiency of the work productivity. A conclusion was made that there are people who could work more proficient than others. They were the people that managers were seeking to hire. Selection of people with the right skill for a job was another significant part of the efficiency of the workplace. The Taylor scientific theory is clear in the McDonald particular systems, training and education of the employee for better performance. Strengths Taylor developed a four principle that was could help in the efficiency of an organization. The use of the scientific approach to determine the most effective way of a particular task performance and study of work could be used as a replacement for common sense and simple habit. The workers should be trained to work at the maximum efficiency and they should be matched based on their competence to perform a task rather than being simply assigned any task. Performance of the workers should be monitored and supervisors should provide instructions so as to ensure that the organization is using the most efficient working ways. Work should be allocated between the workers and the managers, this will enable the managers to use their time to train and plan, hence allowing the workers to perform well their task. Weakness The theory of scientific management indicates that there is only one way to work in the organization. The theory is in the opposition to the teamwork in the organization as a practice. The theory breaks down the task into various steps and places emphasis on how each person can perform their task. Human relation theory The human relation method place emphasis on the need for an understanding that is clear on the significance of the human attitude and capabilities in the approach to the effectiveness of the organization (Bianca, 2018). The theory seek to respond to the social pressure that is emerging with a keen eye on the employee treatment at the place of work. Is clearly state that the people require the companionship, for them to have a sense of belonging, they need to seek satisfaction in the work social relationship that they form. In a study conducted by Elton Mayo, people at the workplace are more aware to the teams of self-governing, and when they are involved fully in a two-way consultation in the decision that affects them, they will be committed highly to the goals of the organization and the management. The belief that human relationship is the better method for work productivity improvement still persist in the various organization (Mulder, 2011). McDonald focuses on the employee moti vation in order for it to retain its customer satisfaction need. Strength The human relation theory has various strength, they include: First, the theory places a lot of emphasis on the appreciation and recognition of the worker. It considers the well-being of the employee at the workplace. Lastly, the theory focuses on the building of a relationship between the employee and the manager (BusinessDictionary.com, 2014). Weakness The human relation theory has its weakness too, the theory put a lot of simplification of the human behavior. The theory places its strategies on the behavior prediction vs the behavior that is observed. Conclusion Many managers have recognized the effect of management theory and its benefit to the organization productivity. McDonald is no exception, the organization has embraced various management theory that has led to the organization better performance. The organization has continuously motivated its employee ensuring there is a good relationship between workers as it realizes the impact it has on the productivity of the organization. The organization has been able to stay ahead of competition due to its constant dependent on various management theory and knowing which theory to apply under what circumstance. References Bianca, A. (2018). Human Relations Management Theory. [online] Bizfluent.com. Available at: https://bizfluent.com/info-8197637-human-relations-management-theory.html [Accessed 25 Jan. 2018]. Bhasin, H. (2017). The four functions of Management in an organization. [online] Marketing91. Available at: https://www.marketing91.com/four-functions-of-management/ [Accessed 25 Jan. 2018]. BusinessDictionary.com. (2014). What is management theory? definition and meaning. [online] Available at: https://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/management-theory.html [Accessed 25 Jan. 2018]. Gartenstein, D. (2011). Four Types of Management Theory. [online] Bizfluent.com. Available at: https://bizfluent.com/info-8375509-four-types-management-theory.html [Accessed 25 Jan. 2018]. Markgraf, B. (2016). The Evolution of Management Theories. [online] Yourbusiness.azcentral.com. Available at: https://yourbusiness.azcentral.com/evolution-management-theories-17356.html [Accessed 25 Jan. 2018]. Mindtools.com. (2010). Frederick Taylor and Scientific Management: Understanding Taylorism and Early Management Theory. [online] Available at: https://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newTMM_Taylor.htm [Accessed 25 Jan. 2018]. Mulder, P. (2011). Human Relations Theory by Elton Mayo | ToolsHero. [online] ToolsHero. Available at: https://www.toolshero.com/management/human-relations-theory-elton-mayo/ [Accessed 25 Jan. 2018]. Open.lib.umn.edu. (2016). 1.5 Planning, Organizing, Leading, and Controlling | Principles of Management. [online] Available at: https://open.lib.umn.edu/principlesmanagement/chapter/1-5-planning-organizing-leading-and-controlling-2/ [Accessed 25 Jan. 2018]. Rao, N. (2012). Evolution of Management Thought and Theory - Review Notes. [online] Nraomtr.blogspot.co.ke. Available at: https://nraomtr.blogspot.co.ke/2011/12/evolution-of-management-thought-and.html [Accessed 25 Jan. 2018]. Shamiksha, C. (2018). The Importance and Limitations of Controlling | Organization Management. [online] Your Article Library. Available at: https://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/organization/the-importance-and-limitations-of-controlling-organization-management/8738 [Accessed 25 Jan. 2018]. Shethna, J. (2015). How to apply management theoriesat workplace | edu CBA. [online] eduCBA. Available at: https://www.educba.com/how-to-apply-management-theories-at-workplace/ [Accessed 25 Jan. 2018]. Uniassignment.com. (2015). The 4 Functions Of Management Business Essay. [online] Available at: https://www.uniassignment.com/essay-samples/business/the-4-functions-of-management-business-essay.php [Accessed 25 Jan. 2018].